Movement and Overland Travel
- Thread starter ddamant
- Start date
I'm certain T2K or TNE would have such values, but it should be pretty generic, a man is a man, a kilometer is a kilometer. Should be able to find it most anywhere.
There's this with a quick google: http://www.d20srd.org/srd/movement.htm
There's this with a quick google: http://www.d20srd.org/srd/movement.htm
BlackBat242
SOC-14 1K
For a pure CT answer, book 1 page 32 gives short-term movement rates in the combat section - 25 meters per 15 seconds walking, 50 meters per 15 seconds running (note that college & pro football players tend to average ~130 meters per 15 seconds in a sprint).
For anything else, I would just apply real-world hiking/marching rates.
William W. Naismith, a Scottish mountaineer, developed a set of formulae in 1892.
The basic rule is as follows: Allow 1 hour for every 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) forward, plus 1 hour for every 600 metres (2,000 ft) of ascent.
The rule assumes that travel will be on trails, footpaths, or reasonably easy ground; it is possible to apply adjustments or "corrections" for more challenging terrain, although it cannot be used for scrambling routes.
Tobler (1977) developed the following adjustments: When walking on uneven or unstable terrain, allow 1 hour for every 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) forward, instead of 1 hour per 5 kilometres (3.1 mi).
On a gentle decline (about 5-12°), subtract 10 minutes per 1000 feet of descent. On a steep decline (over 12°), add 10 minutes per 1000 feet of descent.
In 1984 another "hiking expert" named Langmuir recommended reducing the rate to 4 km/hr on level trails, and one on-line hiking site gives a rate of 3 km/hr with full pack (I guess modern hikers are not in as good shape
).
https://backpackinglight.com/forums/topic/11853/
For anything else, I would just apply real-world hiking/marching rates.
William W. Naismith, a Scottish mountaineer, developed a set of formulae in 1892.
The basic rule is as follows: Allow 1 hour for every 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) forward, plus 1 hour for every 600 metres (2,000 ft) of ascent.
The rule assumes that travel will be on trails, footpaths, or reasonably easy ground; it is possible to apply adjustments or "corrections" for more challenging terrain, although it cannot be used for scrambling routes.
Tobler (1977) developed the following adjustments: When walking on uneven or unstable terrain, allow 1 hour for every 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) forward, instead of 1 hour per 5 kilometres (3.1 mi).
On a gentle decline (about 5-12°), subtract 10 minutes per 1000 feet of descent. On a steep decline (over 12°), add 10 minutes per 1000 feet of descent.
In 1984 another "hiking expert" named Langmuir recommended reducing the rate to 4 km/hr on level trails, and one on-line hiking site gives a rate of 3 km/hr with full pack (I guess modern hikers are not in as good shape
).
https://backpackinglight.com/forums/topic/11853/
BlackBat242
SOC-14 1K
The Mountain Environment (J. Andrew Keith, 1986) gives a standard movement rate of 500m per 10 minutes, or 3 km/hr "on relatively level ground".
The following is given also:
gradual slope (0-15°) - base rate
gentle slope (→30°) - .75 base
moderate slope (→45°) - .5 base
steep slope (→60°) - .25 base
steeper slopes use rock-climbing rules
light snow cover - .5 base
deep snow cover - .25 base
glacier or ice cover - .25 base
There are no specific endurance penalties given.
The Desert Environment (William H. Keith, 1988) gives a standard initial movement rate of 1,000m per 10 minutes, or 6 km/hr "on flat, open ground".
The following is given also:
flat open ground - base rate
rough/rocky/uneven ground - .5 base
very rugged ground - .25 base
loose sand (<.5 meter deep) - .5 base
soft/deep sand (dunes) - .25 base
large boulders/loose gravel - .5 base
moderate slope - .5 base
steep slope - .25 base
arroyo/gulch/steep-sided gully (both ascent & descent) .5 base
Note that these all bear endurance penalties for sustained travel.
Additional endurance penalties are assessed for high temp/lack of food/lack of water, which further reduce movement rates.
J. Andrew Keith also produced CT environment books for arctic & undersea, which I have - but I'm not posting movements from those right now.
The following is given also:
gradual slope (0-15°) - base rate
gentle slope (→30°) - .75 base
moderate slope (→45°) - .5 base
steep slope (→60°) - .25 base
steeper slopes use rock-climbing rules
light snow cover - .5 base
deep snow cover - .25 base
glacier or ice cover - .25 base
There are no specific endurance penalties given.
The Desert Environment (William H. Keith, 1988) gives a standard initial movement rate of 1,000m per 10 minutes, or 6 km/hr "on flat, open ground".
The following is given also:
flat open ground - base rate
rough/rocky/uneven ground - .5 base
very rugged ground - .25 base
loose sand (<.5 meter deep) - .5 base
soft/deep sand (dunes) - .25 base
large boulders/loose gravel - .5 base
moderate slope - .5 base
steep slope - .25 base
arroyo/gulch/steep-sided gully (both ascent & descent) .5 base
Note that these all bear endurance penalties for sustained travel.
Additional endurance penalties are assessed for high temp/lack of food/lack of water, which further reduce movement rates.
J. Andrew Keith also produced CT environment books for arctic & undersea, which I have - but I'm not posting movements from those right now.
Timerover51
SOC-14 5K
The movement rate in jungle, based on World War 2 experience would be about 1 mile (1.6 Kilometers) per hour in canopy jungle with limited undergrowth. If you have to hack your way through, then at best, 1/2 miles per hour and possibly only a coupe of hundred yards. Note, this would be for troops with some jungle experience. The big problem in jungle is maintaining direction, so a compass is mandatory. If you crash-land on a planet, you cannot expect the nicety of a GPS system being available.
In an Arctic environment, a lot depends on the snow and ice cover, and what you have as traveling aides.
You might want to plug local gravity in as a modifier as well, at least for pack carriage.
In an Arctic environment, a lot depends on the snow and ice cover, and what you have as traveling aides.
You might want to plug local gravity in as a modifier as well, at least for pack carriage.
Keeping in mind that there are several factors...
- Temps (much below –15° C, it doesn't snow, but frost can form; –3° to +3° C is the most treacherous, as your mass can melt the ice just enough to cause traumatic injury.)
- recent snowfall (fresh fluff is easier, but may conceal smooth ice beneath)
- path usage (A well trod path is faster, but aalso more potentialy dangerous, because even in a snowfield, it may be packed into slick ice)
- type of snow (wet flakey stuff is slower to trudge through than dry powder, but less likely to dump you on your bottom, as it packs to ice and bonds to underlying ice better)
- Loads. Carrying 10 KG on non-wet ice is very different from through snow, on wet ice, and on hoar frost, all of which are different from dry or wet pavement or turf.
I'll note that, in HS, my friends and I made, on roads (typically plowed down to ice, then sanded), about 4 MPH. On wet & icy, about 2-3 MPH. All unencumbered.
I read "In the Kingdom of Ice", which describes a 19th century attempt to reach the North Pole, and arctic "terrain" is a lot more diverse than what you see in the movies.
Timerover51
SOC-14 5K
I read "In the Kingdom of Ice", which describes a 19th century attempt to reach the North Pole, and arctic "terrain" is a lot more diverse than what you see in the movies.
That is correct, and if you are on a glacier, there is this nasty thing called a
crevasse", which can be quite well hidden, and kill you very quickly.
Chip Scale Inertial Compass
Well, somebody is trying...
https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/815555
Well, somebody is trying...
https://www.sbir.gov/sbirsearch/detail/815555
So in the end, this would be able to track where you're going, but necessarily distinguish between "north" and "south" per se.
That is, you might take this device, point it at "that big mountain over there", and zero it for that direction. Then the device can tell you how you traveling relative to that bearing.
Or is it more" "We zero'd it here at the large rock, and it will tell use where we are in relation to the rock".
No doubt the error accumulates over time.
Timerover51
SOC-14 5K
You might also want to consider that typically, an individual moves faster than a group, with the larger the group, normally the slower the movement. I do have a fair amount on movement rates in my various Army manuals if you are interested.
