The same? I'd lean, tentatively, to a mixed answer; CT has a number of special definitions
Well, here's how I interpret it...
Level 0 is workable; essentially a trainee or inexperienced amateur.
Level 1 is employable in skilled fields. (Defined in rules; CT and MT match)
Level 3 is minimum professional (canonical example is Doctor is Medical-3, surgeon is Medical-3 and Dex 8+. In CT, this seems fairly likely to be post-residency; In MT, it's probably resident.).
Level 7 is maximum useful level for "Joe Normal" (See level 8 for why)
Level 8 is maximum useful skill, period, due to +8 DM limit on tasks. (At level 8, odds don't change due to fatigue!)
Realistically, under MT, Level 4 is mature professional; net DM is usually +5 or +6, and Formidable tasks are thus 9+ or 10+, and Impossible tasks require taking extra time to lower the difficulty... (or rolling a Nat12.)
You need a net +7 to hit an Impossible task without taking extra time. I've seen only one character who was NOT Vilani who had level 7+. I've seen plenty of Advanced CG Docs (Navy and Army) with skill 5-6; I've even had a couple of characters with dual level 4's or 5's. Usually Advanced CG Navy Pilots (Ship's Boat, Gunnery). I've seen a number of Broker 4 Trader 5 characters.
The Vilani rule is that you can trade 2 rolls for 1 level in your primary skill each term; this skill must be chosen from one of your first term skills. When choosing from a cascade, you pick a focus; either take a level in the focus, or take a level in the lowest skill in the cascade, excluding skills not available to your TL, for example, you can't take Neural Weapons unless your homeworld is TL17, so you don't have to count it. This can result in exceptionally high skills in Advanced CG. Due to the Vilani Aging Save bonuses, and the expectation of around 2.6 skills per term, Vilani who choose not to develop their focal career skill can wind up with a strong skill per cascade... It is very similar to Life pursuits in T5, but less universal.
The two-for-one keeps it quite limited. The Experience Limit is pushed FAR more often in MT than in CT; one can reasonably expect 1-2 extra skills over CT for Special Duty (Make by 4+ is common, especially with 4+ and 5+ special duty rolls.)
Since Commission/Position, Promotion, and Special Duty all can get bonus skills, this changes the rates drastically.
CT:
Term 1 (2 for non-ranked professions)
1st Term: 1-2 (second is from Rank and Service Skills)
Commission: 0-2 (0 if not made, 1 for making it, possibly one for Rank & Service Skills)
Promotion 0-2 (0 if not made or not commissioned, 1 for making it, possibly one for Rank & Service Skills)
Special Duty: 0 (not part of CT)
Term 1: 2-7
Later Terms: 1-5
MT:
Term 1 (2 for non-ranked professions)
1st Term: 1-2 (second is from Rank and Service Skills)
Commission: 0-3 (0 if not made, 1 for making it, possibly one for Rank & Service Skills; 1 from Bonus Skill if roll made by 4+)
Promotion 0-3 (0 if not made or not commissioned, 1 for making it, possibly one for Rank & Service Skills, possibly one from bonus skillls)
Special Duty: 0-2 (usually 1, often 2nd from bonus skill, rarely 0)
Term 1: 2-10; 3-6 if non-ranked
Later Terms: 1-8; 2-5 if non-ranked
T4:
CT:
Term: 4 (6 for some non-ranked professions; don't have handy to check if all)
1st Term: 1-2 (second is from Rank and Service Skills)
Commission: 0-2 (0 if not made, 1 for making it, possibly one for Rank & Service Skills)
Promotion 0-2 (0 if not made or not commissioned, 1 for making it, possibly one for Rank & Service Skills)
Special Duty: 0-1
Term 1: 5-11; 7-9 for unranked
Later Terms: 4-9; 6-7 for unranked.
Typical CT basic characters run about 1.8 skill levels per term
Typical MT Basic characters run about 2.6 skill levels per term
Typical T4 characters run about 5.5 (never did the math in detail; estimating) levels per term.
So really, CT levels are worth about 50% more (2CT ≅3MT) than MT, and about 200% more than T4. (1CT ≅3 T4), based upon CG materials.
However, the levels of skill generated in MT are only about 1 level higher per skill, in general, due to more skills to spread them amongst, and the Experience cap (no more total levels of non-psionic skills than Int+Edu); careful picking of tables can break this in certain careers.
Note: MT Advanced CG is nearly identical to CT Advanced, and has about 20% more skills to spread amongst.
Note: MT makes far more extensive use of cascades; about 1 in 4 rolls hits a cascade in Basic or Advanced.
Of my last 5 CT characters I generated, 2 had a single skill of level 5 or 6, and several at level 1. All hit at least 5 terms; all were advanced characters; none were Vilani, one was a scout administrator, one was Marine commando acadamy grad, and the others were merchants. All had at least one skill at level 3.
(For me, CT is a solitare CG game only now... I've since adopted T20's T&C in lieu of CT's, and T20's ship design in lieu of MT's...)