5 litres per person per day should cover food (3 litres) and water (2 litres) components. Air (and water, really) would be covered within the volume of accommodations, in the floor/ceiling voids.
MgT2e has the idea of "Supply Units" in High Guard to cover all of that, plus small parts needed for routine maintenance, which are assumed (up to a point) to be carried in various storage cupboards/lockers throughout the ship; you can carry additional Supply Units in cargo space. The amount per day is based on the tonnage of the ship.
Actually, I've just checked - in High Guard it says you need to allocate cargo space for all Supply Units; it's in the Naval Campaign Guide and Naval adventures that the first 100 days are "free". It's also only applied to military vessels - no price is given, presumably because the ship would just sign a chit or a letter of payment when restocking.