Places that insurer's won't let ships go?
I don't know about that. From years of listening to the news, it appears to me that Lloyds of London lets ships sail directly into what amounts to be war zones.
But only at prices that make smuggling the only practical option for a tramp to make back the cost of the insurance. Many of their customers have limited coverage... repatriation and cargo liability, not full coverage.
And mostly, Lloyds knows that their repatriation offers will be accepted. Lloyds can track most of their insured big ships by satellite. They can have an offer ready almost the moment the ship is attacked. And they know just how much they can and will pay.
It's this credibility and tracking issue that is missing due to the time lag in the no-FTL commo. The insurers have a duty to their shareholders to do two things:
1) pay out as little as possible in order to make a profit
2) charge as much as they can get away with in order to make a profit.
Pay as little:
a diversion to cars: My insurance company has a paragraph of nullifications... if I'm committing a crime, if I'm not on the North American Continent, if any person is not properly restrained (seatbelts), if I'm driving the vehicle for hire, if I'm carrying passengers for pay as my job*, if I'm carrying paying passengers... The shipping industry has similar no-pay condition lists on their insurance.
Failing a no-pay condition, one places restrictions, as well. The insurance isn't voided by most of them. For example, my insurance requires that all persons be restrained by seatbelts whenever the vehicle is in motion. THey can't enforce it directly, but if I get ticketed, my insurance will go up. If I'm in a wreck and someone's unbelted, they simply won't pay for that person's injury...
Maximizing income: they need to charge as much as they can extract from the market. This doesn't mean case by case, per se, but if they can, sure. But the more people they can enroll, the more they make
The combination results in a variety of policies of various coverages... the more expensive, the less restrictive the no-pay and rate-increase clauses and/or the faster the payout.
In game, it's hard to quantify insurance rates in general. Add in the effects of information lag, offer lag, and scrap value, and insurance rates seem to be pretty opaque, and probably prohibitively high or extremely restrictive. And the investigations will have to be long, local, or cursory... which decreases the odds of finding a no-pay condition. It also means long delays in payouts, which reduces people's willingness to pay for it.
And past a certain point, people become better off simply stashing the insurance payment in a local bank rather than paying the insurance company... that point comes sooner the higher the insurance premium is.
It becomes, for MTU, just much easier for the IMoT to guarantee the loans, rather than worry about insurance.