Perhaps I'm showing a bit of naivete in this discussion but would not the standard of living, if not culture, be elevated if the bulk of 'brute' labor is done by machines (i.e. robots, drones, droids etc) freeing that segment of a population from such toil ?
That depends highly upon the nature of wealth distribution.
There are several methods of wealth distribution...
One is ownership only - in such cases, only those who can provide a good or service of value to the ownership will have direct improvement; if they themselves can afford better than subsistence, then they can trickle wealth further down. This can result in strikingly low median and modal standards of living, while having a tiny minority living in absolute splendor.
A second is benevolent state ownership - the state owns the means of production, and operates them for the benefit of the state's "stakeholders" - either the electorate, or the populace in total, depending upon various sociological factors. This can result in a very uniform, and potentially very low or moderately high standard, based upon other sociological factors.
A third is taxation-and-distribution. It's generally seen as a midway point, but really, it's off to the side, and ranges from a marginal subsistence model to a comfortable standard of living which can be exceeded by non-mandatory employment.
A fourth is taxation-funded makework distribution; also called subsidized workfare. In such a system, the tax monies are used to mandate some form of gainful work in exchange for a wage disproportionate to the value of the work in a market economy. In the most extreme cases, the work is of no net benefit; for example, requiring the recipient to stand a shift as a crossing guard at a school during the hours the school is closed, "just in case"....
A variant on makework is regulation-induced workfare. In such a system, employers are required to have some portion of their corporate income dedicated to employees - even if they aren't required to have those employees do anything meaningful. In general, this can be typified by "the Jetsons" - George is required to show up for work, push the button at start and end of shift, do a few reports verbally based upon the computer's output, and not piss off Spacely. Spacely, for his part, knows that Jetson's of no actual required value, and while he threatens, he knows that if he fires George, someone with actual motivation might show up and divert even more resources. The Jetsons never says why, but does show us (by virtue of the relationship) that Jetson sleeping on shift is preferable to some intern actually impeding the real work. Such systems will vary widely by how the assignment of required employees is made. Generally, tho', when left to the employer, it will tend to be a few overpaid (and thus more easily housed) instead of many at subsistence, simply because more people is more risk. Left to regulators, it will be lots of less well paid employees, simply to spread the wealth further and thus require less of a percentage of everyone's...