The basic late 17th/early 18th century unit types were
Cavalry
Dragoon/Mounted Infantry
Infantry
Artillery
Engineers
Marines
Cavalry fought from horseback on war-trained horse. Lances, Carbines, and swords
Dragoons were originally infantry with riding horses for travel, and swords and pistols. Later became a subset of cavalry instead of infantry.
Infantry fought and travelled on foot. Rifles and bayonets.
Artillery - cannons and rockets. Usually horse drawn. Later, gatling guns were added.
Engineers - guys trained to build field fortifications and equipped to do so. Wagons and foot. Armed as infantry.
Marines - guys trained specifically to fight aboard and defend ships. NOT ship's crew.
Pretty much everything else in period is one of these... with special training or elite status.
Naval Infantry needs a mention: it was common for ship crews to dismount and fight ashore - the marines aboard, if any, formed the core of the naval infantry, but the bulk were sailors, not marines.
Cavalry
Dragoon/Mounted Infantry
Infantry
Artillery
Engineers
Marines
Cavalry fought from horseback on war-trained horse. Lances, Carbines, and swords
Dragoons were originally infantry with riding horses for travel, and swords and pistols. Later became a subset of cavalry instead of infantry.
Infantry fought and travelled on foot. Rifles and bayonets.
Artillery - cannons and rockets. Usually horse drawn. Later, gatling guns were added.
Engineers - guys trained to build field fortifications and equipped to do so. Wagons and foot. Armed as infantry.
Marines - guys trained specifically to fight aboard and defend ships. NOT ship's crew.
Pretty much everything else in period is one of these... with special training or elite status.
Naval Infantry needs a mention: it was common for ship crews to dismount and fight ashore - the marines aboard, if any, formed the core of the naval infantry, but the bulk were sailors, not marines.