Coming back late to the conversation, so some of this is rehash.
IMTU there are two main starship weapons - missiles and beams (lasers). As far as arming civilian ships, they were generally one TL below the military for weapons and fire control. There were exceptions, of course, at referee whim, IF it made sense -- nod to Hans -- and advanced the story line.
Defenses include point defense lasers, sand casters. Early PD weapons included slug throwers.
I did allow globes, but particle accelerators didn't exist.
I always saw missiles as stand-off weapons. They have good acceleration in the initial phase, balanced by reduced maneuverability at the terminal (impact/explosive) phase. This makes the guidance package a significant factor in combat.
Beams (generic term) had lesser range, but worked very well as point defenses. As PD weapons, they had an extremely fast cycle rate, but reduced damage.
More simply, gunfight versus knife fight. You tried to stay out of combat as much as possible - ship combat IMTU was deadly. It also didn't allow for much PC influence unless they were the gunner.
If the combat was critical to the story line, PCs were not usually involved - I was more about the story than the mechanics in most cases.
In my eyes, T5 is both good and bad with ship combat. I didn't feels like terms were clearly defined, and it seems that a lot of knowledge was assumed. In contrast, I liked the detail approach to what part of the ship was hit.
My interpretation (FACE) was mean to consolidate all the disparate sections affecting combat into one whole. I also tried to account for range, weapon type, and tech level.
Beams, for example, do less damage outside their base range. I did not increase damage as range decreased. TL affected both range and damage.
PD weapons did less damage per shot, and although FACE did't include the information, I assumed 10 times the fire rate, which made them devastating at boarding range.
I don't remember seeing much about missile costs in T5. I figured that would be something to calculate using the weapon maker -- another thing leaving a sour taste.
I do feel that cinematic combat has its place, as does the real (deadly) thing. Again, to me story is the driver for which one I will use.
I haven't done any updates to FACE in a long time - waiting for T5.10 to be released.
Anyway, enough for now. This thread has been an interesting read, and look forward to more in the future.