What is often overlooked or ignored in rules discussions is that there are (at least) two very different kinds of rules: There are the kind that reflect the underlying "reality" with greater or lesser accuracy[*] and then there are the kind that deviate from "reality" for the sake of making one aspect or another of gaming easier.
As an example, we have a rule in JTAS10 (p. 24-26) for establishing troop strength of a world. According to this rule, a world with a TL of 10 has 1 battalion of troops if its population level is 5, 15 battalions if its population level is 6, 150 for 7, 1500 for 8, 15000 for 9 and 150,000 for 10. Now, if the rules define the universe, this means that every single world with a population level of 8 has 1500 battalions, whether the population is 100 millions or 999 millions. Also that the moment the population ticks over to become 1 billion, the army immediately expands by a factor 10 stays like that until the population reaches 10 billion.
But if the rules just reflect reality, we can say "Hey, that rule was made back before the population multiplier was introduced. Obviously it should be interpreted to mean that worlds have 1.5 battalions per 100,000 inhabitants."
And if the rule is meant to make it simple and easy to come up with game counters for a FFW-style boardgame, we can even begin to entertain the notion that in "reality" the number of troops depend on historical events, politics, astrographics, strength of potential threats,
percieved strength of potential threats,
perceived intentions of neighbors, and a whole slew of lesser factors far too complicated to accurately reflect in any game rule simple enough to be practical. We might even begine to operate with such refinements as "battalion equivalents" instead of battalions and let different kinds of troops cost different amounts of BEs.
Bottom line: Not all rules are created equal and not all rules reflect the setting with equal fidelity.
Hans
[*] The quotation marks acknowledge that the OTU reality is a fictional one.[**]
[**] Albeit one every bit as complex are the Real World.