Commercial - Defined by the use of cargo or passenger space (staterooms and Low Berths). Lower TL than the empire maximum, and uses cheaper components.
Too restrictive, commercial ships can easily be TL-15, e.g. to use Z-drives or cheaper power plants. TTA, p140: Hercules-class.
Trader - Small ships (100-500 tons). J1 or J2. Mixed mode of passengers/cargo. Streamlined and Fuel processors for independent
So, not a Free Trader or Subbie?
Resource - Various sizes. J1 to J3. Has additional (unspecified) equipment for processing (Fuel or Ore processor).
Merchant - Medium size (500-1500 tons). J2 or J3. Specialized to passenger or cargo.
Transport - Large size (1500+ Tons). J3 or J4. Specialized to passenger or cargo. Include bulk cargo (like fuel)
So where does the Hercules-class fit? 5000 Dt J-1 freighter. Or the TI Frontier Transport (2 kDt, J-2, TTB p139)? Or the TJ variant (2 kDt, J-6, 250 Dt cargo)?
Military - Defined by the use of armor, weapons, and screens. Built at or above empire maximum TL, expense is not spared. Use of Screens (NucDampers, Meson Screens) is a definite military ship. Use of quad turrets, Barbette, or Bay weapons is also military.
Too restrictive, excludes the Gazelle, AHL, or any non-current-Imperial design.
Empty bays are an excellent way of allocating flexible space in CT (MT?), it can be used to carry cargo or small craft as needed.
Fleet - Largest possible combat ships. Spinal mount and bay weapons to maximum effectiveness. Heavy armor and screens. J-3 to J-5, G-max.
So excludes most canonical cruiser designs?
So excludes Monitors, any MT warships, any TNE warships, etc?
Where does the TL-12 15 kDt J-2 missile rock (e.g. Eurisko) fit?
Size is not a reliable indicator of anything.
TL is not a reliable indicator of anything.
Jump performance is not a reliable indicator of anything.
Acceleration is not a reliable indicator of anything.
We can probably separate commercial and naval designs by looking at cargo&passenger space as a percentage of the payload (space remaining after drives and fuel), but that is dependent on design system...