Autnomous combat operations are still limited by the lack of pattern recognition overall.
Current automation is very narrowly defined parameters, but fully autonomous execution until parameters breached.
Think of it this way: we can set a target profile fairly easily; most computerized targeting systems suse a combination of RF return and IR Sig to ID targets. They do not do this visually, and have no decision making capability outsidde the "is the target in spec and in the target zone?"
AACV's have been on the drawing boards for years; they are now being used successfully against static cround targets and in non-friendly-operations zones. They can not, at present, ID a target by paint scheme alone, and few could do it at all.
Depending upon the IFF dependance, and other parameters, it ranges from easy to slightly hard to spoof them. Dogfighting is still a ways off; the decision to dogfight, however, is even trickier. A German shepherd is a more valid decision tree for friend versus foe in the abscence of clear IFF...
One could, for example, declare a no fly zone, and program it for all items with a radar cross section of range x, and an IR signal orf range y, within a designated no fly zone. That signature is going to be centered on known agressor squadrons, but due to the commonalities of most fighter-interceptors and fighter-bombers, on a bad day, a wandering friendly will get splashed. he AACV will fire on the first target that meets the criteria, unless given an ignore X targets command, or an IFF check. It could easily be possible to acquire tone, and fire AAMs.
Likewise, it is possible now to say find a target with a shillouette in this range Z, on the ground with a vector in range A, which is winthin ops range B, and destroy it. We can narrow down the shillouettes to a few similar models... but the bradly and one of the BMP have nearly identical visual and IR sigs... likewise certain US tanks and Russian tanks have nearly identical profiles (fortunately, those were not in Iraqui service). So, either it has an IFF, or there is a significant chance of a freindly kill if a friendly is in the target zone.
optical recognition is a very weak area for computing technologies; target identification is weak, at best.Target location, however, is strong...
In simulations, the enemy is given a benefit: the computer knows which are friendly and which are foe; the agressors are intentionally dumbed down to prevent action on this knowledge; in the real world, it is in fact a far different issue. Simulations can be programmed very effectively, in ways that real applcations of autonomy can not afford weight, power, or EMF wise.
The strongest methodology, however, is close controlled AACV's with human oversight. I suspect this to be the ideal model for long term fighters... 1 in, say, 10 is a control fighter, with full gravitic protections, and the others are AACV's which rely upon a go-ahead from the human operator.
You won't eliminate the need for man-on-the-scene in space warfare until the lag times are down below destruction times. You can, however, reduce the number of men in HARMs way. (Yes, that is an intentional pun.)