Perhaps in the 3I this is considered under the no nukes rule?
Indeed!
But if it can be done, presumably terrorists or hostile aliens would have done so.
That would make for an interesting setting, but I think the ease of making dirt cheap planet crackers strongly suggests that privately-owned starships either would not be allowed by governments or would be fitted with kill switches/autodestruct devices the Navy can trigger, captains subject to psionic conditioning, etc.
Otherwise, it's like giving a doomsday bomb to every tram freighter captain...
But a really wild and wooly setting could have private parties roaming space with WMD of this type. And some asteroid belts that used to be inhabited worlds.
Maybe 'pirate' simply means any vessel not registered to system authorities, with a working autodestruct that can be verified, etc.
Extreme suspicion prevails.
With every system that can build or buy starships having these super weapons at its disposal, a MAD situation develops. Nobody goes to war directly with another starfaring world. That's crazy. No, governments use mercs, also know as ''volunteers' to aid local insurgents.
And if there is no rebellion on the rival world? Hire some criminals to kick up a ruckus and call that a democratic/pious/workers' whatever rebellion against the "oppressive and illegitimate planetary regime."
PS-- I'm pretty sure I've read about a scenario with similar elements, maybe on Atomic Rockets or Charles Stross's blog.